Keywords
Abstract
The aim of the research was to study the characteristics of immune changes in patients with osteosarcoma before starting therapy. The presence of an immunodeficiency state in patients with osteosarcoma, which was expressed in deep T - cellular immunodeficiency and activation of the humoral immunity, was established, which allows early immunological diagnosis of the progressive course of the malignant process. It is planned to further study the cytokine status, which plays an important role in the formation, development and progression of osteosarcoma. Consequently, our results will help practitioners in understanding the molecular-immunological behavior in osteosarcoma, which will make it possible to establish the immunopathogenetic features of the course of the disease, its severity and prognosis, to differentiate periods of exacerbation and remission, which will also make it possible to assess the effectiveness of drug therapy. The immunoreactivity of patients with osteosarcoma is characterized by an increase in the total number of leukocytes, which is a sign of inflammation, CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes, CD16 + lymphocytes, CD20 + lymphocytes and CD38 + lymphocytes, small and large CICs against the background of suppression of CD3 + lymphocytes, CD4 + and IRI. The pronounced indicators of suppression of immunity and the progression of the disease were IRI and CIC. On the part of humoral immunity factors, the increased serum values of IgG and IgA turned out to be of paramount importance. An imbalance of T-lymphocyte subpopulations was also revealed. There is a decrease in the immunoregulatory index from 0.4 to 1.1 (normally from 1.5 to 2.0), which is an indicator of an unfavorable course of the disease and immune response