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Abstract
Aim. To study the possibilities of ultrasound examination (ultrasound) in assessing the nature and severity of closed abdominal trauma (CAT) and determining the surgical treatment tactics for this pathology.
Material and methods. Ultrasound was performed in 160 patients with closed abdominal trauma as an initial method for diagnosing intra-abdominal injuries and was completed in the emergency department immediately upon admission to the clinic. The main criteria for inclusion of patients in the study were age 18 years and older and stable hemodynamic parameters (BP ≥ 90 mm Hg) at the time of surgery.
Results. Among the various sonographic semiotics of intra-abdominal lesions in PTZ, the most constant ultrasound signs are the presence of multiple volumes of free fluid in the abdominal cavity. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of ultrasound in detecting free fluid in the abdominal cavity seem to be relatively high and amount to 88.3, 87.8, and 88.1%, respectively. The highest relative risk (RR = 4.862; 95% CI 3.074-7.692) was associated with a free fluid volume in the abdominal cavity of more than 500 ml, with the probability of a severe intra-abdominal injury (EER) is 93.5%.
Conclusion. The developed method of ultrasonic assessment of the volume of free fluid in the abdominal cavity, based on the thickness of the fluid layer and its prevalence in the areas of the abdominal cavity, does not complicate or lengthen the procedure of the FAST protocol; it allows to determine the critical volumes of hemoperitoneum, which are of decisive importance in choosing the tactics of surgical treatment of prostate cancer.