Keywords
acute leukemia, cytogenetics, chromosomal disorders
Abstract
For the diagnosis of acute leukemia (AL), a complex of clinical and laboratory methods is currently used. One of the key places among them is given to genetic research methods. Each of the morphological groups of leukemias, distinguished according to modern international classifications, consists of subgroups, different types of genetic abnormalities that cause response to ongoing therapy. Thus, the presence or absence of chromosomal aberrations is an important diagnostic and prognostic factor for acute leukemias, and also allows monitoring of minimal residual disease. Identification of cytogenetic abnormalities during diagnosis is important for assessing response to therapy and detecting early recurrence of the disease.